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| official_languages = | ethnic_groups = | ethnic_groups_year = | demonym = Sudanese | capital = Khartoum | religion = Islam | latd=15 |latm=38 |latNS=N |longd=032 |longm=32 |longEW=E | largest_city = Omdurman〔 ((Table 8 ))〕 | government_type = Dominant-party federal presidential republic | leader_title1 = President | leader_name1 = Omar al-Bashir | leader_title2 = Vice President | leader_name2 = Bakri Hassan Saleh | legislature = National Legislature | upper_house = Council of States | lower_house = National Assembly | sovereignty_type = Formation | established_event1 = Nubian kingdoms | established_date1 = 3500 BC | established_event2 = Sennar dynasty | established_date2 = 1504 | established_event3 = Unified with Egypt | established_date3 = 1820 | established_event4 = | established_date4 = 1899 | established_event5 = Independence (from the United Kingdom and Egypt) | established_date5 = 1 January 1956 | established_event6 = Current constitution | established_date6 = 9 January 2005 | established_event7 = Secession of South Sudan | established_date7 = 15 January 2011 | GDP_PPP_year = 2014 | GDP_PPP = $159.5 billion〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sudan )〕 | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = $4,521〔 | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | GDP_nominal = $70.0 billion〔 | GDP_nominal_rank = | GDP_nominal_year = 2014 | GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,985〔 | GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank = | area_km2 = 1886068 | area_sq_mi = 728215 | area_rank = 16th | area_magnitude = | percent_water = |population_estimate = 40,235,000〔("United Nations world population prospects" )(PDF) 2015 revision〕 |population_estimate_year = 2015 |population_estimate_rank = 35th | population_census_year = 2008 | population_census = 30,894,000 ''(disputed)'' | population_census_rank = | population_density_km2 = 16.4 | population_density_sq_mi = 42.4 | population_density_rank = | Gini_year = 2009 | Gini_change = | Gini = 35.3 | Gini_ref =〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gini Index )〕 | Gini_rank = | HDI_year = 2013 | HDI_change = steady | HDI = 0.473 |HDI_ref = | HDI_rank = 166th | FSI = | FSI_year = 2007 | FSI_rank = 1st | FSI_category = Alert | currency = Sudanese pound | currency_code = SDG | iso3166code = SD | time_zone = EAT | utc_offset = +3 | date_format = dd/mm/yyyy | drives_on = right | calling_code = +249 | cctld = .sd, سودان. }} Sudan ((アラビア語:السودان) ''as-Sūdān'' ), officially the Republic of the Sudan〔 ((アラビア語:جمهورية السودان) ''Jumhūrīyat as-Sūdān''), is a country variously included in North Africa or (by the African Union) East Africa. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea, Eritrea, and Ethiopia, to the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. It is the third largest country in Africa. The River Nile divides the country into eastern and western halves.〔Collins, Robert O. (2008). ''A History of Modern Sudan''. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-85820-5.〕 Its predominant religion is Islam. Sudan was home to numerous ancient civilizations, such as the Kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Nobatia, Alodia, Makuria, Meroë and others, most of which flourished along the Nile. During the pre-dynastic period Nubia and Nagadan Upper Egypt were identical, simultaneously evolved systems of pharaonic kingship by 3300 BC. By virtue of its proximity to Egypt, the Sudan participated in the wider history of the Near East inasmuch as it was Christianized by the 6th century, and Islamized in the 15th. As a result of Christianization, the Old Nubian language stands as the oldest recorded Nilo-Saharan language (earliest records dating to the 9th century). Sudan was the largest country in Africa and the Arab world until 2011, when South Sudan separated into an independent country, following an independence referendum. Sudan is now the third largest country in Africa (after Algeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo) and also the third largest country in the Arab world (after Algeria and Saudi Arabia). Sudan is a member of the United Nations, the African Union, the Arab League, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Non-Aligned Movement, as well as an observer in the World Trade Organization.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WTO – Understanding the WTO – members )〕 Its capital is Khartoum, the political, cultural and commercial centre of the nation. It is a federal presidential representative democratic republic. The politics of Sudan is regulated by a parliamentary organization called the National Assembly.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=الموقع مغلق للصيانة )〕 The Sudanese legal system is based on Islamic law. ==Name== The country's place name ''Sudan'' is a name given to a geographical region to the south of the Sahara, stretching from Western to eastern Central Africa. The name derives from the Arabic ' (), or "the lands of the Blacks", an expression denoting West Africa and northern-Central Africa.〔.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sudan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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